Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. American Psychological Association (2013), "the discipline embraces all aspects of the human experience — from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to care for the aged" (para. 1). American Psychological Association (2013), "in every conceivable setting from scientific research centers to mental health care services, "the understanding of behavior" is the enterprise of psychologists" (para. 1).
Saturday, November 23, 2013
Explain in your own words operant conditioning as theorized by B. F. Skinner. If it would help, use an example to demonstrate how the concepts influence an individual’s personality.
Conditioning is a type of learning. Operant
conditioning as theorized by B.F. Skinner is one type of learning.
Specifically, this type of conditioning or learning through Skinner's belief is
that the majority of individuals' behaviors are a result of learning through
operant conditioning. A key component of operant conditioning is immediate
reinforcement of an organism's response. Reinforcement is performed through
either a reward or punishment. Reinforcement is not the cause of behavior but
it increases the likelihood that behavior will recur. Therefore, in operant
conditioning when immediate reinforcement occurs a behavior is more likely to
recur. Unlike in classical conditioning; this is where a behavior is given
freely by an organism without reward or punishment. An example of operant
conditioning is where I give my children an immediate reward for desirable
behavior at school and at home. The reward in this case increases the
likelihood that their good behavior will recur. Another example is when
undesirable behavior occurs from one of my children then I immediately take
away their reward, which is used to decrease or prevent their undesirable
behavior. The reward is not reestablished until desirable behavior recurs.
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